Accessibility to Cities 2015

This global accessibility map enumerates land-based travel time to the nearest densely-populated area for all areas between 85 degrees north and 60 degrees south for a nominal year 2015.

Densely-populated areas are defined as contiguous areas with 1,500 or more inhabitants per square kilometer or a majority of built-up land cover types coincident with a population centre of at least 50,000 inhabitants.

This map was produced through a collaboration between the University of Oxford Malaria Atlas Project (MAP), Google, the European Union Joint Research Centre (JRC), and the University of Twente, Netherlands. The underlying datasets used to produce the map, include roads (comprising the first ever global-scale use of Open Street Map and Google roads datasets), railways, rivers, lakes, oceans, topographic conditions (slope and elevation), landcover types, and national borders.

These datasets were each allocated a speed or speeds of travel in terms of time to cross each pixel of that type. The datasets were then combined to produce a “friction surface”, a map where every pixel is allocated a nominal overall speed of travel based on the types occurring within that pixel. Least-cost-path algorithms (running in Google Earth Engine and, for high-latitude areas, in R) were used in conjunction with this friction surface to calculate the time of travel from all locations to the nearest city (by travel time). Cities were determined using the high-density-cover product created by the Global Human Settlement Project.

Each pixel in the resultant accessibility map thus represents the modeled shortest time from that location to a city.

Full Citation

D.J. Weiss, A. Nelson, H.S. Gibson, W. Temperley, S. Peedell, A. Lieber, M. Hancher, E. Poyart, S. Belchior, N. Fullman, B. Mappin, U. Dalrymple, J. Rozier, T.C.D. Lucas, R.E. Howes, L.S. Tusting, S.Y. Kang, E. Cameron, D. Bisanzio, K.E. Battle, S. Bhatt, and P.W. Gething. A global map of travel time to cities to assess inequalities in accessibility in 2015. (2018). Nature. doi:10.1038/nature25181.

Simple

Date ( Publication )
2018-06-01
Identifier
dataset

Date

Status
Completed
Originator
The Malaria Atlas Project - ( )

https://malariaatlas.org/
Maintenance and update frequency
As needed
Keywords ( Theme )
  • Travel time
Keywords ( Place )
  • World
Keywords ( Theme )
  • MOOD-H2020
Keywords
GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 ( Theme )
  • Transport networks
  • Human health and safety
Use limitation
None
Access constraints
Other restrictions
Use constraints
License
Other constraints
no limitations to public access
Other constraints
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) | Creative Commons Namensnennung - 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Other constraints
{ "id": "cc-by/4.0", "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License", "url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "quelle": "Source: The Malaria Atlas Project" }
Spatial representation type
Grid
Distance
1000 meters
Metadata language
en
Character set
UTF8
Topic category
  • Geoscientific information
  • Transportation
Description
World
Begin date
2015-01-01
End date
2015-12-31
N
S
E
W
thumbnail


Reference system identifier
WGS 1984
Number of dimensions
3
Dimension name
Row
Dimension size
1
Resolution
30 arcseconds
Dimension name
Column
Dimension size
1
Resolution
30 arcseconds
Dimension name
Vertical
Dimension size
1
Resolution
1 minutes
Cell geometry
Area
Distribution format
  • GeoTIFF ( 1.0 )

OnLine resource
Accessibility to Cities 2015 ( WWW:LINK-1.0-http--download )
Hierarchy level
Dataset

Conformance result

Date ( Publication )
2010-12-08
Other citation details
http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2010/1089/2014-12-31
Explanation
See specified reference
Pass
Yes
Statement
derived from Open Street Map data and Google roads database

gmd:MD_Metadata

File identifier
7ee7bd55-23fb-456b-841b-450f4ea56486 XML
Metadata language
en
Character set
UTF8
Hierarchy level
Dataset
Date stamp
2021-10-25T12:27:22
Metadata standard name
ISO 19115:2003/19139
Metadata standard version
1.0
Point of contact
The Malaria Atlas Project -

https://malariaatlas.org/
Point of contact
mundialis GmbH & Co. KG - ( )

Citation proposal


(2018) . Accessibility to Cities 2015.
https://data.opendatascience.eu/geonetwork/srv/api/records/7ee7bd55-23fb-456b-841b-450f4ea56486

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